ABSTRACT
In October 1945, Arthur C. Clarke published a paper in the journal Wireless World precisely describing how and why the “space station” used for communication should be placed in a circular orbit 35,786 km (22,236 miles) above the Earth’s equator (geostationary Earth orbit) and following the direction of the Earth’s rotation. To ground observers, an object in such an orbit (which sometimes is called Clarke orbit) appears to be motionless at a fixed position in the sky. Obviously, he believed in 1945 that the station would require a crew to change radio tubes which frequently burn out and it was unclear how the batteries would be recharged. But he described the concept.The beauty of his idea was that antennas communicating with the satellite can be pointed permanently in the direction of the stationary satellite and sending microwave signals after 183https://www.nrel.gov/news/press/2007/502.html.
