ABSTRACT
In this appendix we provide a guide to the mathematical notation we use in this book. In many cases we provide a reference in the text where the given notation first occurs. Rather than attempting an alphabetical listing, we have grouped this list of notations conceptually.
Modern mathematics is expressed in terms of set theory, and we use standard notation for these concepts. In what follows, assume that A and B are sets: If a is an element of A, then we write a ∈ A. If it isn’t, we write a /∈ A. The intersection of A and B is
