ABSTRACT
Climate change threatens not only the yields and livelihoods of traditional farmers, but also the ability of agriculturalists worldwide. In addition to the challenge of abiotic stresses such as temperature extremes (hot and cold), drought or water stress, the incidence and severity of biotic stresses such as pests, diseases and the invasion of alien weed species are also likely to be greater. Several strategies for adaptation to climate change have been proposed to address crop productivity. One strategy emphasises changing cultural practices. A second strategy involves adopting methods to increase the resilience of agro-ecosystems to environmental variability.
