ABSTRACT

Abstract .................................................................................................................. 259 11.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................260 11.2 Types of Cutting Fluids ................................................................................ 262

11.2.1 Petroleum Oil-Based Cutting Fluids ................................................ 262 11.2.1.1 Straight Oils (Petroleum Oil with Additives) .................... 262 11.2.1.2 Soluble Oils (60-90% Petroleum Oil in the

Concentrate) .................................................................... 263 11.2.1.3 Surfactants Used in Soluble Oils Formulation ..................264