ABSTRACT
Biomarkers, as compared to a true (primary) endpoint such as survival, can
often be measured earlier, more easily, and more frequently; they are less
subject to competing risks and less confounded. The utilization of biomark-
ers will lead to a better target population with a larger effect size, a smaller
sample size required, and faster decision making. With the advancement of
proteomic, genomic, and genetic technologies, personalized medicine with
the right drug for the right patient becomes possible.
