ABSTRACT
The seven management and planning tools were the result of operations research in Japan; in the 1970s, the tools were collected and published in one book that was translated into English in the 1980s (Brassard, 1996). The tools can be used to encourage innovation, facilitate communication, and help in planning (Duffy et al., 2012). These are not tools that should be used by one person alone; the great advantage in using these tools comes from using a team approach.
