ABSTRACT
Since I first put toner to paper developing the document on which this book is based, newer concepts have arisen, such as those in the title of this section. Cloud computing and the attendant virtualization are not immune to component outages, particularly those governed by Murphy’s Law, because they are composed of the same ingredients as noncloud configurations and managed by liveware. In fact, they also have the extra software element of a hypervisor and the possibly added difficulty in monitoring real system components meaningfully in a cloud for availability, performance, and other entities relating to service level agreements (SLAs).
