ABSTRACT
U.S. Invented Methods that Balance Process and Results Organizations differ from one another in their organizational change and improvement needs because they differ from one another in their history, culture, and business needs. Each company must find an organizational change and improvement phase-in strategy (or strategies) that works for it. This often means focusing on a topic particularly relevant to the company's situation, as shown in the list on page 462. In an additional example not on that list, Alcoa Aluminum drove its program with safety as the primary focus, which not only embraced a noble goal explicitly but also highlighted shortcuts taken because of inefficient standard processes or inadequate tools for daily work [276]. Safety is a theme that company unions can embrace more readily than, say, cost cutting.
