ABSTRACT
Much progress has been made in recent years in the development of electronically controlled liquid and gaseous fuel injection equipment and methods for dual-fuel engine applications. These permit, for example, independent variations in the pilot fuel quantity and injection timing, with various approaches for the controlled introduction of the gaseous fuel, including its direct injection into the cylinder under sufficiently high pressure. Engines in service that are not fitted with up-to-date control technologies tend not to achieve the full potential of dual-fuel operation in terms of most key performance parameters. These engines tend to display poor reliability and incur high maintenance costs.
