ABSTRACT
Since the publication of pioneering works on nuclear magnetic resonance, two domains-NMR spectrometry and NMR relaxation-have come to represent its practical applications in physics, chemistry (fundamental chemistry, food chemistry, biochemistry, geochemistry), biology, geology, archeology, pharmaceuticals, and materials science. The nal result of any spectroscopic experiment is an NMR spectrum recorded as a pattern of signal intensity vs. frequency, where the lines and integral intensities indicate the number of magnetically and chemically non-equivalent nuclei in proportion to their content. This is key information for structural analyses based on the principles of NMR and the accurate assignment of signals using wellestablished spectral-structural relationships. In turn, the reliability of the data should be ensured by correct NMR adjustments and parameter setting to minimize instrumental errors and artifacts potentially affecting interpretation of NMR spectra. This is particularly important for two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) NMR experiments, for which the appearance of artifacts is a regular phenomenon. In this context, the preparation of samples, adjustment of spectral resolution, and choice of a reference line for further calculations of chemical shifts are major factors.
