ABSTRACT
Chapter 2 discussed the general theories of crime causation. In this chapter, we will examine in detail the constructionist approaches used to explain deviant behavior. The constructionist approach questions the conventionalization of behaviors, beliefs, and traits; denitions of deviance; the enforcement of societal rules; and the consequences of enforcement. Constructionists view deviance not as an action, but an infraction of societal rules. They tend to question what makes certain conduct deviant and what groups in society make and enforce the rules.
