ABSTRACT
Bionanoscience, a subsection of nanoscience, involves the exploitation of biomaterials, devices, or methodologies on the nanoscale. It is multidisciplinary as it sits at the interface of chemistry, biology, physics, medicine, engineering, and materials science. It is the combination of biology and nanotechnology that takes advantage of natural nanoparticles to create materials and devices on the nanoscale. Nanosystems may be produced by either microfabrication, making big structures smaller and/or embedding smaller features into macroscopic materials (top-down), or using the techniques of component assembly and/or supramolecular chemistry to make small molecules bigger (bottom-up). Biomaterials such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and viruses can be used as building templates for nanomaterials. Viruses, in particular are of great interest to the nanotechnology eld because of their highly monodisperse structures, small size, and the ability to self-assemble with high precession.
