ABSTRACT
Toxicology ...................................................................................................................................... 764 Husbandry ................................................................................................................................. 766
Housing ................................................................................................................................ 766 Water and Feed ..................................................................................................................... 766 Restraint and Dosing ............................................................................................................ 766
Clinical Laboratory ................................................................................................................... 767 General Toxicity Testing ...................................................................................................... 767 Reproductive Toxicity and Teratogenicity ............................................................................ 768 Dermal Toxicity .................................................................................................................... 770 Cardiovascular Toxicity........................................................................................................ 771
Advantages and Disadvantages ................................................................................................. 771 Pathology ....................................................................................................................................... 772
Pathology of the Göttingen Minipig: Background and Incidentally Occurring Changes-Introduction ............................................................................................................. 772 General Overview ..................................................................................................................... 773
Systemic Findings ................................................................................................................ 773 Necropsy Procedure ............................................................................................................. 773 Summary of Macroscopical and Microscopical Data .......................................................... 774
Cardiovascular System .............................................................................................................. 778 Blood Vessels ....................................................................................................................... 779 Heart ..................................................................................................................................... 779
Digestive System ....................................................................................................................... 780 Tongue .................................................................................................................................. 780 Salivary Glands .................................................................................................................... 780 Stomach ................................................................................................................................ 780 Small and Large Intestines ................................................................................................... 780 Liver ..................................................................................................................................... 781 Gallbladder ........................................................................................................................... 782 Pancreas ................................................................................................................................ 782
TOXICOLOGY
Shayne Cox Gad
Theuse of pigs (Sus scrofa) in biomedical research is now well established. In toxicology, whereas the use of pigs in the United States was historically limited to dermal studies, since the mid-1990s, they have become very popular for pharmaceutical studies in place of dogs and primates.They have been extensively used for surgical (Swindle et al., 1988) and physiological (primarilycardiovascular, renal, and digestive) research (Khan, 1984; Clausing et al., 1986; Gad, 2013) for years. The preference in these uses is the minipig.
