ABSTRACT
Techniques designed to overcome delayed patient progress in the context of surgery include the design of enhanced recovery after surgery pathways that encourage early patient mobilization and prompt return to normal physiological status post-operatively. When operating on a patient to combat disease, one should be aware of the operating theatre and its staff including surgical colleagues and juniors, anaesthetic staff, scrub nurses, operating room attendants and even the presence of medical and nursing students. Closing wounds or suturing organs is a physical act of skilfully joining two tissues, but the patient’s body does the majority of the work in completing this through the healing process. A deterioration in national economic status is associated with a concomitant decline in national healthcare delivery that may affect the provision for surgery. Well-managed healthcare expenditure is vital to a national economy and is therefore an important consideration for governments, politicians, and patients as well as healthcare practitioners and surgeons.
