GILBERT

GILBERT 06.05. 1843 Rochester NY/USA 01.05. 1918 Jackson MI/USA Grove Karl (Carl) Gilbert graduated in 1862 from Rochester University. He was particularly attracted by his professor in geology, and therefore entered his employ after studies. Gilbert’s duties consisted mainly in preparing and arranging collections in natural history for teaching and museum purposes. This was a good training for it gave him a wide range of knowledge of materials and forms in the organic and inorganic world. After five years, Gilbert was appointed volunteer on the Geological Survey of Ohio, marking his entrance in his career as a geologist. He was in parallel also engaged at Columbia College, New York, where he came into contact with the eminent geologists of the USA. Gilbert further was appointed to the newly established survey west of the 100th meridian to train field work. In 1874, Gilbert entered in contract with John Wesley Powell (1834-1902), Director of Geological Surveys, where he remained until his death. In 1879, the two published a notable report on the extinct Lake Bonneville, in Nevada and Utah. From 1889 to 1892, Gilbert was chief geologist of the US Geological Survey, but this position had little liking. He therefore turned his interests to Niagara River and recent earth movements in the region of the Great Lakes. His last publication related to the transportation of debris by water flow, and had particular reference to the results of hydraulic mining in California. Gilbert disliked controversy and rarely entered upon sensational fields. He was certainly one of the best balanced and most philosophical American geologists. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences NAS, among many other learned societies. Anonymous (1931). Gilbert, Grove Karl. Dictionary of American biography 6.1: 268-269. Scribner’s: New York. Baulig, H. (1958). La leçon de Grove Karl Gilbert. Annales de Géographie 77(7-8): 289-307. Cole, G.A.J. (1918). Dr. G.K. Gilbert. Nature 101(Jul.11): 370-371. Davis, W.M. (1926). Grove Carl Gilbert. Memoirs National Academy of Sciences 21: 1-303. P Gilbert, G.K. (1914). The transportation of debris by running water. Professional Paper 86. US Geological Survey: Washington DC. Poggendorff, J.C. (1898). Gilbert, G.K. Biographisch-Literarisches Handwörterbuch 3: 516; 4: 498; 5: 425. Barth: Leipzig, with bibliography. Rouse, H. (1977). G.K. Gilbert. Hydraulics in the United States 1776-1976: 81. IIHR: Iowa IA.

GILCREST 27.10. 1906 Hamilton OH/USA 01.08. 1973 Cincinnati OH/USA Bruce Robert Gilcrest received engineering education at the Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO. During his entire career he was associated with the US Army Corps of Engineers. After war service, he remained during the late 1940s at the Office of the Division Engineer, Cincinnati OH. Later, he moved to the head-office at Vicksburg MI, where he was involved mainly in flood control projects. Gilcrest was known for his chapter on flood routing in the book Engineering hydraulics of Hunter Rouse (1906-1996). The chapter is divided into four parts, namely 1. Introduction, in which the general flood routing problems are addressed, 2. Mathematics of flood routing, treating the differential equations of unsteady flow, the travel rate of flood waves, wave attenuation, discharge characteristics of unsteady flow, approximations based on neglecting the momentum equation, and a third approximation based on two differential equations, 3. Routing of floods through reservoirs, including the reservoir-storage characteristics, the use of storage factors, and the various factors affecting storage, and 4. Flood routing in open channels including the stage-dischargestorage relations, the attenuation of flood waves, the description of the Muskingum method, the analysis of wedge storage, and the complete method of solution routing problems either by the method of characteristics, or mechanical and electrical devices for flood routing. This chapter was written before computers were available and may be considered an excellent summary of the methods available in the pre-computer era. The other works of Gilcrest deal equally with the varied aspects of unsteady open-channel flows, and with flooding management for example in the Ohio River Valley, in which the plan developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers is described. Anonymous (1935). Gilcrest, Bruce. Silver Spruce Yearbook: 121. Colostate: Fort Collins. P Gilcrest, B.R., Marsh, L.E. (1941). Channel-storage and discharge-relations in the Lower Ohio River Valley. Trans. AGU 22(3): 637-649. Gilcrest, B.R. (1950). Flood routing. Engineering hydraulics: 635-710, H. Rouse, ed. Wiley: New York. Gilcrest, B.R., Schuleen, E.P., Landenberger, E.W. (1957). Flood control plan for the Ohio River basin. Proc. ASCE 83(WW1, Paper 1209): 1-16. Gilcrest, B.R., Moors, A.J., Bierhorst, J.W.J. (1961). Spillway for Markland Locks and Dam, Ohio River, Kentucky and Indiana: Hydraulic model investigation. Defense Technical Information Center: Fort Belvoir.