JOSEPH

JOSEPH 26.03. 1929 Chicago IL/USA 24.05. 2011 Minneapolis MN/USA Daniel Donald Joseph earned the MA degree in sociology from the University of Chicago, Chicago IL in 1950. During the next years he worked as a semi-skilled machinist in various factories. He went back to school at the Illinois Institute of Technology IIT, earning his BS and MS degrees in mechanical engineering, and the PHD degree in 1963. He was since 1962 assistant professor at IIT, joining the faculty of University of Minnesota, Minneapolis in 1963 in the Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics Department, where he remained until retirement in 2009. He received awards including membership of the National Academy of Engineering NAE, the National Academy of Sciences NAS, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, among many others. During his career, Joseph had ten patents, authored more than 400 journal articles and seven books, and was consultant for numerous companies mainly in the petroleum sector. He initiated his career with studies of fluid flows in geometries with permeable boundaries. He for instance proposed with a colleague a ‘slip’ boundary condition at the interface of a porous medium and a clear fluid, analogous to that in a rarefied gas flow, which is referred to as the Beavers-Joseph boundary condition. Around 1970 his work was more mathematically oriented, including research on fluid flow stability, and on the theory of bifurcation, two topics which were also dealt with in books and for which he remains known. In the late 1970s, Joseph developed interest in rheology, proposing an approach for analysing slow and slowly varying flows. He thereby developed a theory for the effect governing the rise of the free surface close to a rod rotating in a viscoelastic fluid. His research team then solved problems in which the governing equations involve a change of type from elliptic to hyperbolic, as in transonic flows. In the 1980s he worked on the water-lubricated transport of heavy viscous crude oil travelling within a sheath of water along a pipeline thereby reducing the power required for pumping. Barenblatt, G., Iooss, G., Joseph, D.D., eds. (1983). Nonlinear dynamics and turbulence. Pitman: Boston MA. Dafermos, C.M., Joseph, D.D., Leslie, F.M., Truesdell, C., Serrin, J., Ericksen, J.L. (1986). The breadth and depth of continuum mechanics. Springer: Berlin. Joseph, D.D., Schaeffer, D.G. (1990). Two-phase flows and waves. Springer: New York. www.aps.org/units/dfd/newsletters/.../fall11.pdf P https://www.aem.umn.edu/people/faculty/bio/joseph.shtml P

JUDD 04.05. 1868 North Hatfield MA/USA 01.12. 1945 Columbus OH/USA Horace Judd obtained the ME degree from the Ohio State University, Columbus OH, in 1897, and the MS degree from Cornell University, Ithaca NY, in 1899. After having been a graduate assistant at this university until 1899, he was appointed instructor in steam and machine design, Department of Science and Technology, Pratt Institute, New York NY, until 1902. Judd then joined as assistant professor of experimental engineering his Alma Mater until 1909, was associate professor there until 1920, and until retirement in 1939 hydraulic engineering professor. Judd has written a number of papers relating mainly to fluid flow with a background in mechanical engineering. His first work relates to Pitot tubes as used then for point-wise velocity observations in either fluid or gas flows. Based on earlier tests made by John R. Freeman (1855-1932), the constants in the equation relating velocity to hydraulic head were verified. Pitot tubes are known for almost exact velocity determination provided the approach flow head is neither too small nor too large. A second research of Judd related to sharp-edged, thin-crested circular orifice flow; both the jet shape and the discharge coefficient were determined and compared to existing data. The distance from the orifice section to a point from where the jet thickness remains almost constant was also investigated. Still another research related again to orifices, yet with a cylindrical pipe addition producing low pressure and dependency on friction along the pipe. Diaphragms were also inserted in this pipe to detail their effect on the outflow features. Today, these classical studies have mainly historical value, but are no more relevant in hydraulic engineering practice. Judd also was interested in hydraulic machinery, namely centrifugal pumps for motor fire engines, and in the effect of turbulence on fluid flow. Anonymous (1933). Judd, Horace. American men of science 5: 595. Science Press: New York. Anonymous (1941). Judd, Horace. Who’s who in engineering 5: 937. Lewis: New York. Anonymous (1946). Judd, Horace. Mechanical Engineering 68(2): 188. Anonymous (1946). Horace Judd. Makio yearbook 1946: 40. Ohio State University: Columbus. P Boyd, J.E., Judd, H. (1904). Pitot tubes, with experimental determinations of the form and the velocity of jets. Engineering News 51(13): 318-320. Judd, H., King, R.S. (1906). Some experiments on the frictionless orifice. Engineering News 56(13): 326-330; 60(2): 49-50. Judd, H. (1916). Experiments on water flow through pipe orifices. Trans. ASME 38: 331-367. Judd, H., Pheley, D.B. (1922). Effect of pulsations on flow of gases. Trans. ASME 44: 853-918.