WARREN J.G.

WARREN J.G. 12.09. 1858 Buffalo NY/USA 02.11. 1937 Buffalo NY/USA James Goold Warren graduated from the US Military Academy, West Point NY, in 1881, being promoted to second lieutenant, US Army Corps of Engineers. He served then at Willets Point NY, graduating in 1884 to first lieutenant, eventually becoming assistant to the officer at Chattanooga TN. After service as instructor in civil and military engineering, he was appointed until 1891 secretary of the academic staff of the Engineer School, Willets Point NY. Warren became district engineer until 1898 at Louisville KY, and from then at Milwaukee WI until 1905. In 1906 he was appointed member of the Mississippi River Commission serving until 1919. In 1912, then lieutenant-colonel, he was appointed district engineer at Buffalo NY, having charge of both the Buffalo and Oswego Engineer Districts. In the same year he was appointed to the rank of colonel division engineer of the Great Lakes Division, supervising all river and harbour activities of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River until 1919. In 1917 Colonel Warren assumed charge of the Investigation of diversion of water from the Great Lakes and Niagara River, covering the phases of water diversion, sanitary and power purposes, and the preservation of the scenic beauty of Niagara Falls. His report was considered as authoritative text on these subjects. His superior stated: ‘The report is the only comprehensive and thorough investigation of all these subjects ever made and possesses great value, not only from the technical, but also from the very full historic presentation’. After retirement in 1922, Warren continued his engineering practice at his home until his death. During his 45 years of active service with the Corps, Warren had earned the reputation of outstanding member of its organization. During his long term as engineer of the Great Lakes Division, or of the Mississippi River Commission, he gained experience and became an authority on inland navigation and inland waterways of the USA. He was member of the American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE. Anonymous (1938). James G. Warren. Trans. ASCE 103: 1906-1908. Warren, J.G. (1900). Examination and survey of Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan Ship Canal Wisconsin. Washington DC. Warren, J.G. (1911). Niagara River. Committee on Rivers and Harbors: Washington DC. Warren, J.G. (1913). Compiled reports of the Intl. Waterways Commission. Parmelee: Ottawa. Warren, J.G. (1921). Diversion of water from the Great Lakes and Niagara River. US Army Corps of Engineers: Washington DC. (P)

WASHINGTON 24.09. 1883 Travis County TX/USA 04.07. 1954 Brownsville TX/USA Walter Owen Washington graduated in 1904 from the University of Texas, Austin TX, with the BSc degree in civil engineering. He was then engaged in engineering works in connection with irrigation, land development, and large flood control projects. He was from 1920 to 1939 engineer of Cameron County TX, supervising the construction of its flood control system, and the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Until 1940 he was construction engineer for a large irrigation program in Willacy County TX, supervising in 1941 the building of the war-time facilities. From 1943 to 1945, he was engaged in similar work at Corpus Christi TX, becoming then until 1950 senior partner of the firm Washington and Ruff. The flood control of the Lower Rio Grande resulted in a series of treaties between the USA and Mexico. The 1906 Treaty provided for the construction of Elephant Butte Reservoir in New Mexico. The Rio Grande Rectification Project of 1933 helped relieve the flood dangers in El Paso-Juarez Valley. The 1936 Act of Congress authorized a canalization project between El Paso and Caballo NM, the American Dam and Canal, which were completed by 1947. In the Lower Rio Grande valley considerable damage occurred from periodic floods. In 1924 and 1925 bond issues were voted to build levees from Donna to Brownsville TX, but the 1932 flood demonstrated that levees built on the American river side only could not give sufficient protection. In 1932, the International Boundary Commission recommended the construction of floodways on each river side; both countries agreed. American construction including 500 km of floodway and river levees, improvements, and control works was begun in 1933 and completed in 1951. The 1944 Treaty provided for plans of flood-control works from Fort Quitman TX to the Gulf of Mexico. Under the provisions of this treaty, construction of Falcon Dam was accomplished in 1954. Washington was involved in these activities both as a designer and a builder of an important flood relief scheme. He was a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE from 1919, and was active in its affairs by organizing the Lower Rio Grande Valley Branch, which he presided in 1941. Anonymous (1936). Flood-control work in the Ro Grande Delta. Engineering News-Record 116(Mar.19): 407-411. Anonymous (1954). Walter O. Washington. Civil Engineering 24(10): 646. P Anonymous (1957). Walter O. Washington. Trans. ASCE 122: 1258-1259. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/mgr04