ABSTRACT
Behind the Mechanism of Cryoprotection by Polyampholytes .................... 169 7.12 Cell Encapsulation and Cryoprotective Hydrogels ....................................... 170 7.13 Vitrication ................................................................................................... 171
7.13.1 Principle of Vitrication ................................................................... 171 7.13.2 Vitrication of Oocytes .................................................................... 172 7.13.3 Vitrication of Tissue-Engineered Constructs ................................. 173 7.13.4 Vitrication of Tissue-Engineered Bone .......................................... 174 7.13.5 Vitrication of Tissue-Engineered Intestine .................................... 174 7.13.6 Vitrication of Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels ............................ 176 7.13.7 Vitrication of Encapsulated Tissue-Engineered Cell Constructs ... 177 7.13.8 Vitrication of Chondrocyte Cell Sheets ......................................... 178
7.14 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 180 References .............................................................................................................. 181
Nature governs whether biological material will decay or die. The structure and function of living organelles and cells can change and be lost with time, which is a matter of concern for the researchers studying these systems. Several attempts have been made to stop the biological clock since ancient times, which was successfully achieved by controlling temperature and water content.
