ABSTRACT
Conducting polymers (CPs) have now been known for more than 35 years. In 1977, the American scientistsHeegerandMacDiarmiddiscoveredthatdopingpolyacetylene(PA)withiodineendowed thepolymerwithmetallicproperties,includinganincreaseintheconductivityof10ordersof magnitude[1].ThesuccessfuldopingofPA-inelectrochemicalterminology,theequivalentof oxidationorreduction-encouragedthesamescientiststotestPAasarechargeableactivebattery electrode [2]. However, PA was not stable and was easily destroyed by oxidative degradation.Therefore,basedonthepromisingelectronicandopticalpropertiesofPA,novelCPshave been developed,suchaspolyphenylene(PP)[3],polythiophene(PTh)[4],polypyrrole(PPy)[5], poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) [6], or polyaniline (PANI) [7].
