ABSTRACT
The only way to answer questions such as this is to endeavour to mathematically model the climate system in sufficient detail. First, of course, we need to model the atmosphere, something we have been doing for half a century in our efforts to forecast the weather. Of course weather is not climate, and we need to appreciate the differing expectations we have of each. Because of the significant exchanges of both heat and water between the ocean and the atmosphere, it is clearly necessary to couple an ocean model to our atmosphere model.
