ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the products and the processes of the future. Recently, multitude methods and techniques have been developed, capable of fabricating an extensive variety of nanometer-sized particles for engineering applications. Nanouid, a term given to colloidal suspensions of solid particles and a base uid, has been found to enhance the performance of heat transfer liquids [1]. During the recent years, this new category of cooling uids has attracted a great deal of interest in various thermal engineering applications. The application of nano-uids is not conned to the heat transfer purpose. Having particular characteristics, this newly introduced uid owns numerous applications, to name a few, in tribology, chemistry, environmental areas, surfactants and coating, and pharmaceutical and medical applications [2] or more specically in superconducting magnets, microprocessors, and jacket water cooling in vehicles, or even in fuel cells [3].
