ABSTRACT
The original Training Within Industry (TWI) program consisted of three modules-Job Instruction (JI), Job Methods (JM), and Job Relations (JR)—as we have presented in this book. When TWI went to Japan in the early 1950s, Japanese industry embraced all three of these methods but eventually felt that an important subject, safety, was missing. In 1967, a group of safety experts organized by the Japan Ministry of Labor created a fourth TWI module called Job Safety (JS)* exactly following all of the standard conventions of TWI: a fourstep method, a 10-hour delivery schedule, a learn-by-doing approach, and so forth. Since then, TWI has always been promoted in Japan consisting of these four modules.
