ABSTRACT
Introduction ............................................................................................. 56 The Expansion of International Tourism in Developing Countries ........ 57 The Puzzle between Tourism Development and Poverty Reduction ...... 58 Tourism, Economic Growth, and Comparative Advantage .................... 60 Tourism, Economic Growth, and the Role of Demand ........................... 63 The Missing Link .................................................................................... 65 Toward a New Theoretical Link between Tourism Development and Poverty .................................................................................................... 66 The Market Structure and Distributional Effects .................................... 70 The Poverty Obliteration Paradigm ........................................................ 71 References ............................................................................................... 74 Endnotes .................................................................................................. 77
INTRODUCTION
Tourism development is credited to be a powerful source of economic progression in developing countries. In these areas, tourism has significantly expanded over time. Developing countries saw their share of global tourism increase to 46% in 2011, amounting to 465 million arrivals. The steady and higher growth rates of international tourist arrivals in developing countries during 2005 and 2012 demonstrate the trend of a more diversified global distribution of international tourism. In those periods, international tourism in developing countries increased by 4.8% compared to 2.6% in advanced countries. In 2012, Latin America, Asia, and subSaharan Africa were in the top regions with the fastest growth rates in international tourism arrivals.
