ABSTRACT
The history of safety in the modern times may be traced back to 1868, when a patent for a barrier safeguard was awarded in the United States [1]. In 1893, the U.S. Congress passed the Railway Safety Act and, in 1912, the cooperative Safety Congress met for the rst time in Milwaukee, Wisconsin [1-3]. Today, the eld of safety has developed into many areas, including workplace safety, patient safety, robot safety, and software safety.
