ABSTRACT
Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 114 7.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 114 7.2 Denitions and Classications ............................................................................................. 115
7.2.1 Hydration, Hypohydration, and Hyperhydration ...................................................... 115 7.2.2 Exertional Heat Illness ............................................................................................. 115
7.3 Hypohydration and Performance .......................................................................................... 115 7.3.1 Hypohydration and Aerobic Performance ................................................................ 115 7.3.2 Hypohydration and High-Intensity Intermittent Efforts
and Strength Performance ......................................................................................... 116 7.3.3 Hypohydration and Cognitive Function .................................................................... 118
7.4 Factors Affecting Sweating Patterns .................................................................................... 118 7.4.1 Individual Factors ..................................................................................................... 119
7.4.1.1 Chronological Age and Biological Maturation, Sex, and Body Composition ............................................................................................... 119
7.4.1.2 Heat Acclimatization and Acclimation ...................................................... 119 7.4.2 Exercise Pattern and Physical Training .................................................................... 120 7.4.3 Environmental .......................................................................................................... 120
7.4.3.1 Clothing ..................................................................................................... 120 7.5 Practical Considerations ....................................................................................................... 121
7.5.1 Estimation of Hydration Status and Sweating Responses ........................................ 121 7.5.2 Recommendations and Strategies for Fluid Replacement ........................................ 122
7.5.2.1 Before Exercise .......................................................................................... 122 7.5.2.2 During Exercise ......................................................................................... 122 7.5.2.3 After Exercise ............................................................................................ 123
7.6 Sports Drinks and Energy Drinks ........................................................................................ 123 7.7 Educational Intervention ....................................................................................................... 123 7.8 Considerations of Hydration in Chronic Health Conditions .................................................124
