ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the background of the corneal and explains how to examine its shape, structure and thickness. It provides a list of equipment required for the corneal assessment. The equipment includes: corneal topography, Pentacam™, corneal confocal microscopy and specular microscopy, confocal microscopy, automated specular microscopy, corneal pachymetry, ultrasound pachymetry, A-scan pachymetry, and optical pachymetry. The shape and clarity of the cornea, the chief refracting structure of the eye, are paramount to ensuring the effective transmission of light to the neurosensory retina. The ability of the cornea to transmit light is affected by its microstructure, and its ability to focus light onto the retina is affected by its shape and surface quality. Modern imaging techniques are available to measure these properties and help the clinician make diagnoses and plan management.
