ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the problem of adaptively optimizing each patient's dose in each of two cycles of therapy in a phase I-II trial based on binary Efficacy and binary Toxicity. Actual medical practice often is more complex than choosing a single ρ and observing Y, however, since a patient's therapy may involve multiple cycles. For each cycle, the treatment given to the patient or other action taken by the physician depends on the particular disease. In oncology, the treatment in each cycle may be a chemical or biological agent, radiation therapy, surgery, cellular therapy, immunotherapy, or some combination of these. A very important point is that optimizing together, "globally," may give a different answer compared to what would be obtained if each cycle were optimized by itself, "myopically".
