Nicholas Payne School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Connor F. White Shark Lab, California State University, Long Beach, California

CONTENTS

3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 46 3.2 Sensors and Measured Parameters ............................................................................................................................... 46 3.3 Fine-Scale Behaviors .................................................................................................................................................... 48

3.3.1 Diel Cycles of Activity...................................................................................................................................... 48 3.3.2 Foraging and Feeding ....................................................................................................................................... 49 3.3.3 Reproductive Behavior and Social Interactions ................................................................................................ 49 3.3.4 Identication of Rare or Novel Behaviors ........................................................................................................ 49

3.4 Biomechanics ................................................................................................................................................................ 50 3.4.1 Lift and Drag and Its Role in Locomotion ........................................................................................................51

3.5 Energy Expenditure ...................................................................................................................................................... 52 3.5.1 Respirometer Choice ........................................................................................................................................ 52 3.5.2 Temperature ...................................................................................................................................................... 54 3.5.3 Body Size .......................................................................................................................................................... 54 3.5.4 Application to the Field .................................................................................................................................... 54

3.6 Human Impacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 55 3.6.1 Fishing Effects .................................................................................................................................................. 55