ABSTRACT
There are three irregular patterns that have appeared in SAR images at amplitude and phase: white noise caused by radio frequency interference (RFI), amplitude and phase variation by the ionosphere, and phase delay by the troposphere. RFI is in-band interaction with wider communication circumstances, which recently has been highly prioritized. Ionospheric irregularities are caused by spatial and temporal variations in the total electron contents; and the tropospheric delay depends on water vapor distribution. These irregularities interact with the frequency collocation in a band, with the phase delay and advance in propagation media, and with polarization contamination due to the Faraday rotation. This chapter deals with these irregular image patterns and their causes.
