ABSTRACT
A process is a program in execution. The program may be assembly language code, an executable code generated after compiling a source program written in a high-level language such as C++, or an interpreted code written in LISP, JavaScript, Perl, Python, Interpreted C, or a Linux shell. The Linux system creates a process every time someone run an external command, and the process is removed from the system when the command finishes its execution. The chapter describes the concept of a process and execution of multiple processes on a computer system with a single central processing unit (CPU), the concept of CPU scheduling and scheduling classes in Linux and the Linux process hierarchy. It discusses static and dynamic display of process attributes, the main memory image of a Linux process, process and job control in Linux: foreground and background processes, sequential and parallel processes, suspending processes, moving foreground processes into the background and vice versa, and terminating processes.
