ABSTRACT
A concrete section should have adequate strength to resist flexure, axial loads, axial and flexural combined loads, shear, torsion, bearing, and shear friction. This chapter deals with such sectional strengths required for the design of structural elements. Though bending of concrete beams and slabs and also of columns and footings is very important, as we discussed in the previous chapters, beams and slabs must also have adequate safety against shear, torsion, and shear friction. In my experience of reviewing plans for several years, I have seen some engineers who perform manual structural calculations tend to ignore shear, torsion, and shear friction. In this chapter, we shall review the ACI requirements to provide sectional strength to the structural element during the design for strength and stability of structure.
