ABSTRACT
One approach to understanding the evolution of anatomical structures is by comparing development between species. Schematic lateral views of the cephalic muscles in cartilaginous and bony fishes: mandibular (red, orange, pink); hyoid (green), true branchial (blue), epibranchial (brown), and hypobranchial (yellow) muscles. The development of the cephalic muscles in the zebrafish (D. rerio) is often used as a model for the general teleost, or fish, developmental pattern. However, this tendency is probably partly due to ease of study, given that the head of structures zebrafishes are anatomically and evolutionary derived among teleosts. Scyliorhinus canicula, processed for immunohistochemistry with myosin heavy chain. By comparing the developmental appearance of cephalic muscles in zebrafish with the evolutionary origin of those muscles, Diogo et al. (2008c) found that in general a parallelism exists between both sequences.
