ABSTRACT
Multiphase flows with droplets and particles arise in many engineering systems such as combustion of coal particles, spray coatings, pollutant dispersion in the atmosphere, aerosol deposition in spray medication, fluidization in combustion systems, among many others. This chapter examines the physical processes, solution methods, and applications related to heat transfer in multiphase flows with droplets and particles. Throughout the chapter, references are made to droplets or particles. Due to significant similarities, in practice, the analysis of one can often be applied to the other, particularly for small particles or droplets where the lumped capacitance approximation can be used. Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis are significant transport mechanisms in nanofluids. Brownian diffusion involves random drifting of suspended nanoparticles in a base fluid as a result of intermolecular collisions between the liquid molecules and nanoparticles in a flow stream.
