ABSTRACT
This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book addresses various new aspects, such as risk assessment, scour of rock and new theory-based formulas for the prediction of scour at hydraulic structures but also an update of the available mathematical scour and erosion models. It addresses the boundary conditions and discusses the risk assessment and the fault tree analysis. The book presents the total scour which may occur at the site of a structure can be estimated with mathematical scour and erosion models. It describes the non-uniform flow is responsible for this, which is usually expressed by either a turbulence coefficient or a dominating flow velocity, or by both. The book discusses scour due to several jet forms, such as plunging jets, submerged jets, horizontal and vertical jets, and two- and three-dimensional jets.
