ABSTRACT
We will discuss the main existing approaches to HAI or AGI, which adhere to the following theories and schools of thought.
Neurologism. One simulates the structural characteristics of the biological neural networks in the human brain.
Functionalism (symbolism, logicism). One simulates the functional processes of logical thinking in the human mind.
Connectionism. The approach is based on the notion that humans’ intellectual abilities can be mimicked using artificial neural networks (ANN).
Behaviorism. The aim is to mimic the behavioral relationship in solving problems by some intelligent beings, either humans or animals.
Constructivism. Emphasis is on active construction by the individual. Constructivism assumes minimal innate knowledge as opposed to the large commonsense knowledge base required by the behavioristic approach. Constructivists believe that learning occurs through processes called construction, reconstruction, and deconstruction, and the same learning mechanism is used at all ages.
