ABSTRACT
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC) is the fourth most common cancer in men in the UK and USA. There are 64 000 new cases in the UK and USA each year. The high incidence of multiple tumours makes TCC the second most prevalent cancer in the UK. Seventy percent of patients present with superficial disease and two-thirds of these patients will develop recurrent tumour usually within 2-4 years. Since 1960 the incidence of bladder cancer has tripled, and recent statistics confirm that this trend is continuing. Cystoscopy remains the preferred and most accurate means for diagnosis of bladder carcinoma.
