DICLOFENAC

Edema Eruptions (1998): Schaad HJ+, Ther Umsch (German) 55, 586 Erythema (sic) (1998): Schaad HJ+, Ther Umsch (German) 55, 586 (generalized) (1992): Barrett PJ+, Anaesthesia 47, 83 (1979): Ciucci AG, Rheum Rehab 18(Suppl 2), 116 Erythema multiforme (<1%) (1999): Emmett SD, Solana Beach, CA (from internet) (observation) (1996): Delrio FG+, Am J Med Sci 312(2), 95 (1995): Dhar S+, Dermatology 191, 76 (1993): Khalil H+, Arch Intern Med 153, 1649 (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 (1985): Morris BAP+, Can Med Assoc J 133, 665 (1982): Seigneuric C+, Ann Dermatol Venereol (French) 109, 287 Erythema nodosum (<1%) Exanthems (1-5%) (1994): Romano A+, Allergy 49, 57 (1992): Breathnach SM+, Adverse Drug Reactions and the Skin Blackwell, Oxford,

188 (passim) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 (1986): Halevy S+, Harefuah (Hebrew) 110, 30 (1985): Morris BAP+, Can Med Assoc J 133, 665 (1979): Ciucci AG, Rheum Rehab 18(Suppl 2), 116 Exfoliative dermatitis (<1%) Fixed eruption (1998): Mahboob A+, Int J Dermatol 37, 833 Flushing (<1%) Lichenoid eruption (1999): Fetterman M, Miami, FL (from Internet) (observation) Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (2002): Cohen LM+, J Am Acad Dermatol 46, S32 (passim) (1997): Paul C+, Br J Dermatol 136, 406 (1982): Valsecchi R+, G Ital Derm Venereol (Italian) 117, 221 (1981): Gabrielsen TO+, Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 61, 439 Lupus erythematosus Necrotizing fasciitis (2002): Verfaillie G+, Eur J Emerg Med 9(3), 270 Pemphigus (1997): Matz H+, Dermatology 195, 48 Peripheral edema (2002): Chan FK+, N Engl J Med 347(26), 2104 (with omeprazole) Photoallergic reaction (2003): Montoro J+, Contact Dermatitis 48(2), 115 Photosensitivity (1-3%)

(1998): Encinas S+, Chem Res Toxicol 11, 946 (1997): O’Reilly FM+, American Academy of Dermatology Meeting, Poster #14 (1996): Becker L+, Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 76, 337 (1992): Le Corre Y+, Ann Dermatol Venereol (French) 119, 923 (granuloma annulare

type) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 Pruritus (1-10%) (1995): Litt JZ, Beachwood, OH (personal case) (observation) (1994): Litt JZ, Beachwood, OH (personal case) (observation) (1992): Breathnach SM+, Adverse Drug Reactions and the Skin Blackwell, Oxford,

188 (passim) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 (1981): Gabrielsen TO+, Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 61, 439 (1979): Ciucci AG, Rheum Rehab 18(Suppl 2), 116 Pseudoreactions (sic) (1991): VanArsdel PP, JAMA 266, 3343 Psoriasis (1999): Dintiman B, Fairfax, VA (from Internet) (observation) (1999): Fetterman M, Miami, FL (from Internet) (observation) (1987): Sendagorta E +, Dermatologica 175, 300 (pustular) Purpura (1-3%) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 (1979): Ciuccl AG, Rheum Rehab 18(Suppl 2), 116 Purpura fulminans (2002): Hengge UR+, Hautarzt 53(7), 483 Pustular psoriasis (1999): Dintiman B, Fairfax, VA (from Internet) (observation) (1999): Fetterman M, Miami, FL (from Internet) (observation) (1987): Sendagorta E+, Dermatologica 175, 300 Rash (sic) (>10%) (1978): Abrams GJ +, S Afr Med J 53, 442 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (1-3%) (1 fatal case) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 (1979): Ciucci AG, Rheum Rehab 18(Suppl 2), 116 Toxic epidermal necrolysis (1998): Choi KL, Toronto, Canada (from Internet) (observation) (1993): Correia O+, Dermatology 186, 32 (1985): Kamanabroo D+, Arch Dermatol 121, 1548 Urticaria (1-3%) (1998): Gala G+, Allergy 53, 623 (1995): Litt JZ, Beachwood, OH (personal case) (observation) (1995): Rademaker M, N Z Med J 108, 165 (1992): Breathnach SM+, Adverse Drug Reactions and the Skin Blackwell, Oxford,

188 (passim) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244

(1979): Ciucci AG, Rheum Rehab 18(Suppl 2), 116 Vasculitis (1999): Emmet S.Solana Beach, CA (from Internet) (from ophthalmic solution)

(observation) (1997): Morros R+, Br J Rheumatol 36, 503 (1992): Breathnach SM+, Adverse Drug Reactions and the Skin Blackwell, Oxford,

188 (passim) (1982): Bonafe JL+, Ann Dermatol Venereol (French) 109, 283

Hair Hair-alopecia (1-3%)

Other Acute intermittent porphyria

Anaphylactoid reactions (1-3%) (2000): Hadar A+, Harefuah (Hebrew) 138, 211 (from suppository) (2000): Ray M+, Indian Pediatr 36, 1067 (fatal) (1999): Enrique E+, Allergy 54, 529 (1996): Levy JH+, N Engl J Med 335, 1925 (1993): Alkhawajah AM+, Forensic Sci Int 60, 107 (1993): van der Klauw MM+, Br J Clin Pharmacol 35, 400 (1992): Australian Adverse Drug Reactions Bulletin 11, 7 Aphthous stomatitis (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244 Death (2002): Hengge UR+, Hautarzt 53(7), 483 (2002): Verfaillie G+, Eur J Emerg Med 9(3), 270 Dysgeusia (1-3%) Embolia cutis medicamentosa (Nicolau syndrome) (2003): Reding EL+, J Am Acad Dermatol 48(3), 472 (passim) (2002): Poletti E+, World Congress Dermatol Poster, 0124 (1999): Forsbach Sanchez G+, Rev Invest Clin (Spanish) 51, 71 (1992): Stricker BH+, Ann Intern Med 117(12), 1058 Headache Hypersensitivity (2000): del Pozo MD+, Allergy 55, 412 (1998): Romano A+, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 81, 373 Injection-site necrosis (1989): Tweedie DG, Anaesthesia 44, 932 Injection-site pain (1998): Schaad HJ+, Ther Umsch (German) 55, 586 Oral ulceration (2000): Madinier I+, Ann Med Interne (Paris) (French) 151, 248 Paresthesias (<1%) Pseudolymphoma (2001): Werth V, Dermotology Times 18

Rhabdomyolysis (2002): Hengge UR+, Hautarzt 53(7), 483 (1996): Delrio FG+, Am J Med Sci 312(2), 95 Serum sickness Still’s disease (1985): Wouters JM+, J Rheumatol 12, 791 Stomatitis (<1%) Tinnitus Tongue edema (1-3%) Xerostomia (1-3%) (1988): Todd PA+, Drugs 35, 244

Trade names: Dycill (GSK); Dynapen (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Other common trade names: Brispen; Dichlor-Stapenor; Diclo; Diclocil;

Diclocilliin; Diclox; Novapen; Pathocil; Posipen Indications: Infections due to penicillinase-producing staphylococci Category: Penicillinase-resistant penicillin Half-life: 0.5-1.0 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: anticoagulants,

cyclosporine, methotrexate, tetracycline

Reactions

Skin Angioedema

Bullous eruption Dermatitis (sic) Ecchymoses Erythema multiforme (1991): Porteous DM+, Arch Dermatol 127, 740 Erythema nodosum Erythroderma (1985): Shelley WB+, Cutis 220, 224 Exanthems (<1%) Exfoliative dermatitis (<1%) Hematomas Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction Pruritus (1998): Siegfried EC+, J Am Acad Dermatol 39, 797 (passim)

Purpura Rash (sic) (<1%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome (1991): Porteous DM+, Arch Dermatol 127, 740 Toxic epidermal necrolysis Urticaria (1998): Siegfried EC+, J Am Acad Dermatol 39, 797 (passim) (1985): Green RL+, JAMA 254, 531 (postcoital) Vasculitis Vesicular eruptions

Nails Nails-shoreline

(1985): Shelley WB+, Cutis 220, 224

Other Anaphylactoid reactions

(1998): Siegfried EC+, J Am Acad Dermatol 39, 797 (passim) Black tongue Dysgeusia Glossitis Glossodynia Hypersensitivity (<1%) Injection-site pain Myalgia Oral candidiasis Serum sickness (<1%) Stomatitis Stomatodynia Vaginitis (<1%) Xerostomia

Synonym: bishydroxycoumarin Trade name: Dicumarol (Abbott) Other common trade names: Apekumarol; Dicumol; Embolin Indications: Atrial fibrillation, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis Category: Anticoagulant Half-life: 1-4 days Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: allopurinol,

amiodarone, amobarbital, anabolic steroids, anti-thyroid agents, aprobarbital, aspirin,

barbiturates, bivalirudin, butabarbital, butalbital, cimetidine, clofibrate, clopidogrel, cyclosporine, delavirdine, disulfiram, fenofibrate, fluconazole, gemfibrozil, glutethimide, imatinib, itraconazole, ketoconazole, levothyroxine, liothyronine, mephobarbital, methimazole, metronidazole, miconazole, penicillins, pentobarbital, phenobarbital, phenylbutazones, piperacillin, primidone, propylthiouracil, quinidine, quinine, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine, rofecoxib, salicylates, secobarbital, sulfinpyrazone, sulfonamides, testosterone, thyroid, zileuton

Reactions

Skin Acral purpura

(1986): Stone MS+, J Am Acad Dermatol 14, 796 Angioedema (<1%) Bullous eruption (1986): Stone MS+, J Am Acad Dermatol 14, 796 (passim) Dermatitis (sic) (1992): Breathnach SM+, Adverse Drug Reactions and the Skin Blackwell, Oxford,

248 (passim) (1991): Quintavalla R+, Int Angiol 10, 103 Ecchymoses (1988): Cole MS+, Surgery 103, 271 (passim) Exanthems (1989): Kruis-de Vries MH+, Dermatologica 178, 109 (1988): Cole MS+, Surgery 103, 271 (passim) (1978): Kwong P+, JAMA 239, 1884 (1968): Schiff BL+, Arch Dermatol 98, 136 (1960): Adams CW+, Circulation 22, 947 Hemorrhage (1989): Geoghegan+, BMJ 298, 902 (1988): Cole MS, Surgery 103, 271 (1980): Schleicher SM+, Arch Dermatol 116, 444 Necrosis (2002): Cirafici P+, Dermatology 204(2), 157 (1992): Sharafuddin MA+, Arch Dermatol 128, 105 (1989): Grimaudo V+, BMJ 289, 233 (1988): Cole MS+, Surgery 103, 271 (1987): Gladson CL+, Arch Dermatol 123, 1701a (1984): Slutzki S+, Int J Dermatol 23, 117 (1982): Faraci PA, Int J Dermatol 21, 329 (1981): Horn JR+, Am J Hosp Pharm 38, 1763 (1976): Kirby JD+, Br J Dermatol 94, 97 (1971): Danilov B+, Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat lasi (Romanian) 75, 479 Pigmentation

(1978): Rebhun J, Ann Allergy 40, 44 Pruritus (<1%) Purplish erythema (sic) (feet and toes) (1978): Kwong P+, JAMA 239, 1884 (1961): Feder W+, Ann Intern Med 55, 911 Purpura (1988): Cole MS+, Surgery 103, 271 (passim) (1965): Selye H+, Arch Klin Exp Dermatol (German) 223, 527 Rash (sic) Urticaria (1988): Cole MS+, Surgery 103, 271 (passim) (1986): Stone MS+, J Am Acad Dermatol 14, 796 (passim) (1959): Sheps ES+, Am J Cardiol 3, 118 Vesicular eruptions (1986): Stone MS+, J Am Acad Dermatol 14, 796 (passim)

Hair Hair-alopecia (1-10%)

(1989): Kruis-de Vries MH+, Dermatologica 178, 109 (passim) (1988): Umlas J+, Cutis 42, 63 (1986): Stone MS+, J Am Acad Dermatol 14, 796 (passim) (1969): Baker H+, Br J Dermatol 81, 236 (1957): Cornbleet T+, Arch Dermatol 75, 440

Other Hypersensitivity

Oral ulceration Priapism

Trade names: Antispaz; Bemote; Bentyl (Aventis); Byclomine; Di-Spaz; Dibent; Neoquess; OrTyl; Spasmoject

Other common trade names: Bentylol; Formulex; Lomine; Merbentyl; Notensyl; Panakiron; Spasmoban; Swityl

Indications: Irritable bowel syndrome Category: Anticholinergic; Antispasmodic Half-life: initial: 1.8 hours; terminal: 9-10 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: anticholinergics,

arbutamine

Reactions

Skin Exanthems

(1987): Castleden CM+, J Clin Exp Gerontol 9, 265 (1952): Pakula SF, Postgrad Med 11, 123 Flushing Hypohidrosis (>10%) Pruritus (1951): Ausman DC+, Wisconsin Med J 50, 1089 Rash (sic) (<1%) (1975): Hennessy WB, Med J Aust 2, 421 (1951): Chamberlain DT, Gastroenterology 17, 224 Urticaria Xerosis (>10%)

Other Ageusia

Anaphylactoid reactions Dysgeusia Headache Injection-site reactions (sic) (>10%) Tremor Xerostomia (>10%) (1975): Hennessy WB, Med J Aust 2, 421

Trade name: Videx (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Indications: Advanced HIV infection Category: Antiretroviral; Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Half-life: 1.5 hours Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: acetaminophen,

ciprofloxacin, corticosteroids, dapsone, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lomefloxacin, sulfones, tenofovir, tetracycline

Reactions

Skin

Acral erythema (1993): Pedailles S+, Ann Dermatol Venereol (French) 120, 837 Chills Diaphoresis Erythema multiforme (2001): Scully C+, Oral Dis 7(4), 205 (passim) (1992): Parneix-Spake A+, Lancet 340, 847 Exanthems Pruritus (9%) Purpura Rash (sic) (9%) Stevens-Johnson syndrome (1992): Parneix-Spake A+, Lancet 340, 847 Urticaria Vasculitis (1994): Herranz P+, Lancet 344, 680

Hair Hair-alopecia (<1%)

Other Anaphylactoid reactions (<1%)

Death (2001): Hwang SW+, Singapore Med J 42(6), 247 (2 cases) (with stavudine) Gynecomastia (2001): Aquilina C+, Int J STD AIDS 12(7), 481 (with stavudine) (2001): Manfredi R+, Ann Pharmacother 35(4), 438 (with stavudine) Headache Hypersensitivity (<1%) Lipodystrophy (2001): Aquilina C+, Int J STD AIDS 12(7), 481 (with didanosine) Myalgia Myopathy Paresthesias Xerostomia (2001): Scully C+, Oral Dis 7(4), 205 (up to 33%) (passim)

(See ZALCITABINE)