ABSTRACT
In most cases ARF is multifactorial but the classification of potential causes encourages a systematic approach to investigation and treatment.
Prerenal
Inadequate perfusion of otherwise normal kidneys:
• Hypovolaemia (haemorrhage, sepsis, gastrointestinal losses, burns, inadequate intake). • Hypotension (hypovolaemia, cardiac failure, vasodilatation). • Functional acute renal failure (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
hepatorenal syndrome). • Abdominal compartment syndrome.
