ABSTRACT
This chapter constitutes a review of published results on the effects of altitude exposure on infectious illness in humans. In addition to various epidemiological investigations, nine studies have been conducted at high altitude for the specific purpose of monitoring indicators of immune function in humans (Table 1). Variables measured in those studies included peripheral blood counts and subpopulations of mononuclear leukocytes; various serum proteins, immunoglobulins, complement and lysozyme levels; in vitro T-cell function (i.e., mitogen-stimulated proliferation), Bcell function (i.e., antibody production), and cytokine production. Some investigators also have measured T-cell function in vivo by assessing delayed hypersensitivity responses to intradermal recall antigens and B-cell function in vivo by measuring antibodies produced in response to a vaccine. Results from immunological studies involving decompression chambers, which are used to mimic high-altitude exposures, are also discussed. Similarities between immunological findings obtained during hypobaric hypoxia exposure and those from other diverse environmental stressors are addressed. Finally, the practical implications of these studies, the potential
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