ABSTRACT
The defining symptoms of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) are urinary urgency, with or without urge incontinence, frequency, and nocturia.1 These symptoms may be described by the individual or caregiver, or elicited through history taking. An accurate urological history helps describe incontinence, and guides investigation and treatment. However “the bladder is an unreliable witness”,2 and symptoms alone cannot make a definitive diagnosis.
