Clinical hazards of injectable drug administration

Any route of drug administration has certain risks or hazards. Injecting drug products directly into blood or tissue offers greater risks and hazards compared with any other route of administration. All injectable routes of administration have risks and hazards, but the intravenous (IV) and, especially, the intraarterial (IA) routes are most hazardous. The most common injectable hazards will be presented in alphabetical order with all hazards listed in Table 32-1 (1).1