ABSTRACT
It is a very variable disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical presentation which can result in initial misdiagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy has been improved by advances, both in laboratory investigations and orbital imaging techniques. Research continues to improve our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of the disorder. The clinical management of patients has also been greatly improved over recent years with advances in the medical management of patients, and with a better understanding of the pathophysiology of eyelid retraction, restrictive myopathy, and compressive optic neuropathy (CON). The surgical approaches to orbital decompression continue to evolve.
