ABSTRACT
Just as a visual juxtaposition or a cutaway can introduce a new idea or a new interpretation, so too can sound. Chapter 20 discussed how the narration altered the meaning of the opening visuals in Memorandum (1966). Any of the elements of sound-music, sound effects, dialogue-can accomplish this. The juxtaposition of different sounds or the introduction of a sound “cutaway” can be as effective as a visual in introducing an idea. This concept is so important that this chapter is devoted to it.
