ABSTRACT
While parts of the HR model presented in Chapter 3 focused on data collection, this chapter covers the most common techniques. A data collection technique is a data-gathering device or process administered at appropriate stages in the HR process. Sometimes referred to as evaluation instruments, data collection techniques may come in a variety of forms and are usually divided into the following categories:
Questionnaires Surveys Tests Interviews
Focus groups Observations Organizational Performance Data
This chapter reviews data collection issues and general design considerations, and then presents each technique with specific applications and a few specific design considerations. Before exploring the various data collection techniques, it is helpful to distinguish between external and internal research. The material presented in this chapter focuses on internal research. Internal research includes data
gathered within the organization concerning programs, events, and issues facing the organization. External research may involve the use of a literature search, case studies, field surveys, and other methods to collect data on a specific topic. The focus of this book is on the issue of whether or not a specific program, function, or overall HR effort is working as i t was planned. To determine this, the research is internal, involving data that should change as a result of the programs.
Types of Data
