The new political scientists looked no longer to the German historians; when they looked abroad at all, it was to a few British writers-though these were not original influences, but were revered as authorities for courses of action already under way, and then often more seemingly the same courses than actually the same. The work of both A. Lawrence Lowell, from New England, and of James Bryce, from Britain, was esteemed as the finest kind of ‘realism’, and even as a warrant for a future pure science of politics.