ABSTRACT
THE year 1825 is an evident and intelligible landmark in British foreign policy. For at that time Canning's personality became supreme at home, and powerful and triumphant abroad. In 1823 he had vainly tried to check the French invasion of Spain; he had, indeed, forced Polignac to disavow French designs on America, but he had been outmanreuvred by Adams in the matter of the Monroe Message. During 1824 he had begun to gain in strength. He had given the coup de grace to the Spanish· American Congress, he had forced his colleagues on the last day of the year to consent to the recognition of the New World. At the end of the year too he declined to join the congress on the Eastern Question. During 1825 he restored British influence successfully in Portugal, he established the independence of Brazil.
