ABSTRACT
Separated from Spain by the narrow straits of Gibraltar, Morocco is geographically closer to Europe than any other country in Africa. This proximity notwithstanding, it was one of the least known countries to nineteenth-century Europeans 1 and among the last to maintain its political integrity and sovereignty amidst the growth of European imperialism. However, that achievement was rapidly eroded during the first decade of the twentieth century due to internal upheavals in Morocco and changes in the realm of international relations which would result in the imposition of a Franco-Spanish Protectorate.
