ABSTRACT
Early humans no doubt constructed bridges well before engineering courses and knowledge of the laws of physics existed; primitive healers attained cures well before medical courses and knowledge of the laws of biology existed; and achievement strivings in others were fostered well before self-instructional tapes and knowledge of the laws of motivation existed. But it is also true that the laws of physics aided the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge and the laws of biology helped eradicate smallpox. In a similar vein, theories of motivation may assist in the creation of rules to enhance human performance. We acknowledge at the outset that this motivational goal is presently more a dream than a reality and will not reach fruition in the reader's lifetime. Thus, those beginning this chapter with the anticipation that after reading the final paragraph they can go back into the classroom and soon have all the students working with intensity and positive affect will be disappointed.
