ABSTRACT
This chapter presents some closing thoughts of key concepts covered relevant to this book. This book shows the political logic that underlies China's health system transition. Case studies demonstrate the causal relationship between buck-passing polity and the post-Mao health policy process. The study also finds that the congruence between the theoretical model and the post-Mao health policy process varies across issue areas. China's health-promoting non-governmental organizations remain small and weak, and face tremendous challenges in the effort to professionalize operations while providing services and continuing policy advocacy. German chancellor Otto von Bismarck created the 1883 Health Insurance Bill and other social legislations that formed the basis of the modern welfare state. The lack of progress in political development undermines China's ability to address the mounting health challenges it is now facing. Today there is a growing consensus in China that healthcare reform is not been successful if effective measures are not undertaken to reform the governance of public hospitals.
