ABSTRACT
Despite its resilience for 30 years, Mubarak's regime collapsed in the aftermath of a sweeping popular revolt in 2011. Revolutions have always constituted a complex socio-political phenomenon that is hard to explain and almost impossible to predict. As the previous chapters have illustrated, Mubarak's regime managed to survive many fiscal, political and security challenges since 1981. It could masterfully employ repression, restrained political competition and side-payment delivery in order to reproduce itself almost unchanged since the early 1990s. However, the regime's past success did not render it immune to violent expressions of political opposition.
